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Technical Guidelines for Installing Generators
May 13, 2024
Discover the essential technical requirements and guidelines for a successful generator installation.
Site Assessment and Planning
Before installing a generator, it is crucial to conduct a thorough site assessment and develop a comprehensive plan. This involves evaluating the location and determining the feasibility of installing a generator. Factors to consider include the available space, accessibility, and proximity to the main electrical panel.
Additionally, it is important to assess the electrical load requirements of the site to determine the appropriate generator size. This can be done by consulting with a qualified electrician or generator professional.
A well-planned site assessment ensures that the generator installation is conducted efficiently and meets all requirements.
SITE PLANNING FOR ENCLOSED PERMANENT GENERATORS
Enclosed permanent generators require careful site planning to ensure proper installation and functionality. Here are some key considerations:
- Foundation: A solid concrete foundation is essential to support the weight of the generator. It should be level and adequately sized to accommodate the generator dimensions.
- Ventilation: Proper ventilation is crucial to prevent overheating of the generator. Sufficient airflow should be ensured by providing vents or louvers in the generator enclosure.
- Noise Control: Enclosed permanent generators can generate significant noise levels. To minimize noise disturbance, soundproofing measures such as acoustic insulation and noise barriers should be implemented.
- Accessibility: Sufficient space should be allocated for easy access to the generator for maintenance and repairs. It is important to consider the clearance requirements specified by the manufacturer.
By carefully planning the site for enclosed permanent generators, you can ensure optimal performance and longevity.
SITE PLANNING FOR ENCLOSED PORTABLE/MOBILE GENERATORS
Enclosed portable/mobile generators require specific considerations to ensure safe and efficient operation. Here are some important guidelines:
- Location: Choose a well-ventilated area for generator placement to prevent carbon monoxide buildup. Keep the generator at least 10 feet away from any structure.
- Grounding: Proper grounding is essential to protect against electrical faults. Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for grounding the generator.
- Fuel Storage: If storing fuel on-site, ensure compliance with local regulations and safety standards. Use approved containers and maintain proper ventilation for fuel storage areas.
- Mobility: Consider the weight and size of the generator when planning for transportation. Ensure the availability of suitable ramps or lifting equipment if necessary.
By following these guidelines, you can safely and efficiently plan the site for enclosed portable/mobile generators.
SITE PLANNING FOR PERMANENT GENERATORS INSTALLED INSIDE A BUILDING
Installing a permanent generator inside a building requires careful planning to ensure compliance with safety regulations. Here are some important considerations:
- Location: Choose a well-ventilated area inside the building, preferably near an exterior wall. Ensure proper clearance for generator maintenance and ventilation requirements.
- Fuel Source: Determine the appropriate fuel source for the generator based on the building's infrastructure and availability. Consider factors such as natural gas, propane, or diesel fuel.
- Exhaust System: Install an exhaust system to safely vent the generator emissions outside the building. Follow local building codes and regulations for exhaust system installation.
- Fire Safety: Implement fire safety measures, such as installing fire-rated walls and ensuring proper ventilation to prevent the buildup of combustible gases.
By addressing these considerations, you can safely install a permanent generator inside a building while complying with the necessary regulations.
Electrical Requirements
Proper electrical requirements are essential for the successful installation and operation of a generator. Here are some key points to consider:
- Load Calculation: Determine the electrical load requirements of the site to select the appropriate generator size. Consider both the starting and running wattage of the connected electrical devices.
- Transfer Switch: Install a transfer switch to safely transfer the electrical load from the main power source to the generator during a power outage. This prevents backfeeding and protects utility workers.
- Wiring: Ensure proper wiring and electrical connections between the generator, transfer switch, and main electrical panel. It is recommended to hire a licensed electrician for this task.
- Grounding: Follow the National Electrical Code (NEC) guidelines for grounding the generator and associated electrical components.
By meeting the electrical requirements, you can ensure the safe and efficient operation of the generator.
Fuel Source Considerations
Choosing the right fuel source is crucial for generator installation. Consider the following points when selecting a fuel source:
- Availability: Assess the availability of different fuel sources in your area. Consider factors such as accessibility, delivery options, and potential disruptions in fuel supply.
- Storage: Determine the appropriate storage capacity for the selected fuel source. Follow safety regulations for fuel storage to prevent leaks, spills, and fire hazards.
- Long-Term Costs: Compare the long-term costs of different fuel sources, including the initial installation costs, fuel prices, and maintenance requirements.
- Environmental Impact: Consider the environmental impact of the chosen fuel source. Evaluate factors such as emissions, carbon footprint, and sustainability.
By carefully considering these fuel source considerations, you can make an informed decision for your generator installation.
Safety Precautions
Ensuring safety during generator installation is of utmost importance. Here are some essential safety precautions:
- Carbon Monoxide (CO) Detection: Install CO detectors in the vicinity of the generator and inside the building to prevent CO poisoning. Regularly test and maintain the detectors.
- Ventilation: Provide adequate ventilation for enclosed generator installations to prevent the buildup of harmful gases. Follow the manufacturer's guidelines for proper ventilation requirements.
- Fire Safety: Implement fire safety measures, such as installing fire extinguishers and ensuring proper clearance from flammable materials.
- Electrical Safety: Adhere to electrical safety protocols, such as proper grounding, using appropriate wiring materials, and following installation guidelines provided by the manufacturer.
By prioritizing safety precautions, you can prevent accidents and ensure the well-being of individuals during generator installation and operation.
Maintenance and Testing
Regular maintenance and testing are essential for the optimal performance and longevity of a generator. Here are some important practices to follow:
- Scheduled Maintenance: Create a maintenance schedule based on the manufacturer's recommendations. This may include oil and filter changes, spark plug replacements, and overall system inspections.
- Load Testing: Periodically conduct load testing to ensure the generator can handle the connected electrical load. This helps identify any issues or potential failures.
- Fuel Management: Regularly monitor and maintain the fuel supply to prevent fuel degradation and ensure reliable generator operation.
- Battery Maintenance: Check and replace the generator's battery as needed to ensure proper starting and operation.
By implementing a comprehensive maintenance and testing routine, you can maximize the lifespan and reliability of your generator.
Conclusion
Preparing your site for generator installation involves a comprehensive understanding of power requirements, technical data considerations, and adherence to regulatory and environmental guidelines. By incorporating statistical insights, technical specifications, and industry recommendations, you can approach the installation process in a professional and well-informed manner. Reference reputable sources and consult with qualified professionals to ensure a seamless and efficient integration of a backup power system into your site's infrastructure.
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Africa's industrialization journey is pivotal for its economic development, addressing critical issues such as energy deficits, job creation, and poverty reduction. Central to this journey is the reliable supply of power, where diesel generators play an instrumental role. This blog delves into the significance of diesel generators in Africa's industrialization, supported by detailed data, technical specifications, and statistical analysis. The Power Deficit Challenge Africa faces significant challenges in its power sector. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), over 600 million people in Sub-Saharan Africa lacked access to electricity in 2020. Industrial activities are severely hampered by unreliable power supplies, with frequent blackouts disrupting operations and productivity. The African Development Bank (AfDB) reports that power outages cost African countries 2-4% of their GDP annually. The Role of Diesel Generators Diesel generators are vital in bridging the power gap, especially in regions where the grid is underdeveloped or unreliable. These generators offer a dependable and immediate source of electricity, ensuring continuous operations for industries. The Global Diesel Generator Market report highlights that Africa's demand for diesel generators is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 5.3% from 2021 to 2027. Technical Specifications and Performance Modern diesel generators are engineered for efficiency and durability. Key specifications include: Power Output: Ranging from 5 kVA to 3000 kVA, catering to different industrial needs. Fuel Efficiency: Advanced models offer improved fuel consumption rates, averaging around 0.25 to 0.30 liters per kWh. Emissions: Compliance with Tier 4 and Euro Stage V standards to minimize environmental impact. Operational Hours: Capable of running continuously for up to 24 hours, with regular maintenance. Economic Impact The deployment of diesel generators has a multifaceted economic impact: Continuity of Operations: Ensures that industries can maintain production schedules, reducing downtime costs. Employment: Creates jobs in the manufacturing, installation, and maintenance of generators. Investment Attraction: Reliable power supplies attract foreign direct investment (FDI), fostering industrial growth. A study by McKinsey & Company indicates that improving power reliability could boost Africa's GDP by $5-10 billion annually. Case Studies Nigeria: Powering Industry Nigeria, Africa's largest economy, struggles with an unreliable power grid. According to the Nigerian Electricity Regulatory Commission (NERC), the country's power generation capacity is about 7,000 MW, but only about 4,000 MW is typically available. To mitigate this, industries heavily rely on diesel generators. The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) estimates that its members spend approximately $14 billion annually on diesel to power their operations. South Africa: Bridging the Gap South Africa's power crisis, characterized by rolling blackouts, has seen a surge in diesel generator usage. Eskom, the national utility, has struggled to meet demand, leading to industrial slowdowns. Diesel generators have become crucial for sectors like mining and manufacturing. The Chamber of Mines of South Africa reports that power outages cost the mining industry R4 billion ($280 million) in 2019. Technical Data and Analysis Efficiency and Reliability Diesel generators are favored for their efficiency and reliability. A typical industrial diesel generator can achieve: Load Factor: Operates optimally at 70-80% load, maximizing fuel efficiency. MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures): High-quality generators have MTBF of up to 15,000 hours, ensuring minimal downtime. Fuel Storage: Equipped with fuel tanks capable of holding sufficient diesel for extended operations, typically ranging from 500 liters to several thousand liters. Environmental Considerations While diesel generators are essential, their environmental impact cannot be overlooked. Innovations in cleaner diesel technologies have led to significant reductions in harmful emissions. Generators now incorporate: Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR): Reduces nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions. Diesel Particulate Filters (DPF): Captures soot and particulate matter. Charts
Generators are crucial for providing electrical power during outages or in locations without access to the main power grid. When choosing a generator, understanding the difference between prime and standby power ratings is essential to ensure the generator meets your specific needs. This blog delves into the technical details, statistics, and practical applications of these two power ratings. Understanding Generator Power Ratings Power ratings are metrics that indicate the operational capacity of a generator. The two primary ratings are prime power and standby power : Prime Power: This rating applies to generators that operate as the primary source of power. These generators run for an unlimited number of hours per year in variable load applications. They are ideal for remote sites, such as mining operations or remote construction projects, where no utility power is available. Standby Power: This rating is used for generators that provide emergency power during unexpected outages. They are designed to operate for the duration of the power outage but not for prolonged use. Typically, standby generators are rated to run for up to 200 hours per year. Technical Differences Operating Hours and Load Capacity Prime Generators: Capable of running continuously with an average load factor of 70-80%. They can handle varying loads, including spikes, making them suitable for industrial and commercial applications where power needs fluctuate. Standby Generators: Designed for short-term use with a 100% load factor but only during emergencies. They are not built to run continuously or handle large fluctuations in power demand. Maintenance and Durability Prime Generators: Require regular maintenance due to their continuous operation. They are built with more robust components to withstand the rigors of constant use. Standby Generators: Maintenance is typically less intensive because of limited use. However, they need regular checks to ensure they are ready for an emergency. Cost and Fuel Efficiency Prime Generators: Generally more expensive due to their heavy-duty construction and advanced cooling systems. They also consume more fuel over time due to continuous operation. Standby Generators: Lower upfront costs but potentially higher operational costs per hour if used beyond their intended emergency use. Applications and Use Cases Prime Power Applications Remote Industrial Sites: Mining, oil, and gas operations often require prime power generators due to the absence of a stable power grid. Construction: Sites without power infrastructure rely on prime generators for tools, lighting, and temporary facilities. Agriculture: Farms in remote areas may use prime generators for irrigation systems, storage facilities, and processing equipment. Standby Power Applications Hospitals: Standby generators ensure critical medical equipment remains operational during outages. Data Centers: To prevent data loss and ensure uptime, data centers use standby generators as a backup power source. Residential: Homeowners use standby generators to maintain power during storms or grid failures. Statistics and Data Market Insights The global generator sales market was valued at approximately USD 20 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach USD 27 billion by 2027, growing at a CAGR of 6.2%. Prime generators account for about 40% of the market share, primarily driven by the industrial sector's demand. Standby generators dominate the residential and commercial sectors, holding around 60% of the market. Performance Metrics Fuel Efficiency: Prime generators typically consume 0.25 to 0.35 liters of fuel per kWh produced, while standby generators may consume 0.28 to 0.40 liters per kWh during short-term use. Operational Lifespan: Prime generators have an expected operational lifespan of 15,000 to 20,000 hours, whereas standby generators are usually rated for around 2,500 to 3,000 hours.
A soundproof generator, soundproof container, or silent generator are terms that many people are familiar with. Few people, though, are aware of how they operate or what to anticipate from them unless they are employed in the field. The operation of a soundproof container Generators are very noisy, particularly those that are not containerized. They are so loud that working close to them can result in hearing loss unless protective gear is worn, and they are so noisy that they pose a serious risk to surrounding businesses and bystanders. Therefore, to ensure that any portable or emergency power generators only produce an acceptable level of noise, laws and regulations have been passed. A silent generator reduces noise that is audible to customers, staff, and other members of the public by operating inside a soundproof container or generator enclosure. What a soundproof Generator Enclosure contains? The majority of silent generators or soundproof containers are made of composite materials in their generator enclosures. Usually, there are two types of materials used for this purpose: hard layers that reflect sound energy into the enclosure and soft, porous, resilient layers that absorb sound energy and turn it into heat. However, different materials absorb different frequencies more or less effectively. It's possible that "Material A" absorbs very high frequencies very well but poorly at lower ones. "Material B" may be excellent at absorbing low to midrange frequencies, but it is ineffective at high frequencies. For this reason, the majority of contemporary soundproof generators employ multiple layers of various materials. Highly porous materials work best at absorbing higher-frequency sound because they can send these smaller waves deep into the material, dispersing and absorbing them. The challenge of lower-frequency sound is completely different. Sometimes, large, heavy layers of material that are merely resistant to movement can deflect or absorb these waves; however, when working with lightweight materials, an "air pocket" technique yields the best results. Large, shallow air gaps separate the thin material panels. This arrangement raises the low-frequency sound to a higher, sharper pitch by using the resonance effect. The porous materials in the air gap itself can then absorb that higher-frequency sound. Since not all generators produce the same frequency range, the specific materials and layering techniques used will vary depending on the generator. For the soundproof container to be as effective as possible at absorbing the precise range of sound that the gen-set produces, a generator enclosure should be engineered for a specific class and type of generator, or better yet, a specific model. GENERATOR NOISE - HOW IS IT QUANTIFIED? Decibels (dB) are commonly used to measure sound levels. Loud is generally defined as anything over 80 dB. Most people find sound levels between 100 and 125 dB to be "uncomfortable," and beyond 140 dB, most people experience pain. There are two ways to measure the noise produced by a generator: either on an audible scale (dB(A) that only really considers sounds that human ears can normally detect, or on a linear scale (dB(L) that weights all frequencies equally. dB(A) is the most useful scale to use for a soundproof container
Introduction Diesel generators are widely used in various industries and applications as a reliable source of backup or primary power. Understanding the core components and functions of diesel generators is essential for proper operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting. In this blog, we will delve into the technical details, specifications, and important facts about diesel generators. 1- Engine: The engine is the heart of a diesel generator, responsible for converting fuel into mechanical energy. Here are some key technical details and specifications related to the engine: a- Displacement: The engine displacement determines the power output of the generator. It is usually measured in liters (L). b- Compression Ratio: This ratio defines the relationship between the cylinder's maximum and minimum volume and affects the engine's efficiency and performance. c- Cooling System: Diesel generators have either air-cooled or liquid-cooled engines. Liquid-cooled engines offer better heat dissipation and are more suitable for high-power applications. d- RPM (Revolutions Per Minute): The engine's rotational speed, measured in RPM, affects the generator's frequency output. The standard RPM for most generators is 1,500 or 1,800. 2- Alternator: The alternator, also known as the generator head or stator, converts the mechanical energy produced by the engine into electrical energy. Here are some important details about the alternator: a- Output Power: The alternator's output power is measured in kilowatts (kW) and indicates the maximum electrical power the generator can provide. b- Voltage: The alternator produces electrical energy at a specific voltage, commonly 120/240 volts for residential use or higher voltages for industrial applications. c- Phase Configuration: Diesel generators can be single-phase or three-phase, depending on the application's power requirements. Three-phase generators provide a more stable power supply. 3- Fuel System: The fuel system ensures the proper delivery of diesel fuel to the engine for combustion. Here are some key components and specifications related to the fuel system: a- Fuel Tank Capacity: The capacity of the fuel tank determines the generator's runtime. Larger fuel tanks allow for longer operation without refueling. b- Fuel Consumption: Diesel generators have a specific fuel consumption rate, usually measured in liters per hour (L/hr) or gallons per hour (GPH), indicating how much fuel is consumed for a given load. c- Fuel Filtration: Proper filtration is essential to prevent impurities and contaminants from entering the engine, ensuring smooth operation and minimizing the risk of damage. 4- Control Panel: The control panel is the interface through which the user can monitor and control the diesel generator's performance. Some key features and functions of the control panel include: a- Voltage and Frequency Monitoring: The control panel displays the generator's voltage and frequency output, allowing operators to ensure it falls within acceptable ranges. b- Load Monitoring: It provides real-time information about the current load on the generator, helping operators adjust the power output accordingly. c- Safety Features: The control panel incorporates safety features such as overload protection, low oil pressure shutdown, and high-temperature shutdown to safeguard the generator and prevent damage. 5- Cooling System: Diesel generators need an effective cooling system to regulate engine temperature and ensure optimal performance. Here are some cooling system components and specifications: a- Radiator/Air Cooler: Cooling systems can be air-cooled or liquid-cooled. Air-cooled generators use a radiator or air cooler to dissipate heat, while liquid-cooled generators use a liquid coolant circulated through a radiator. b- Fan: The cooling system includes a fan to enhance airflow and maintain proper cooling. c- Coolant: Liquid-cooled generators require coolant, typically a mixture of water and coolant additives, to maintain suitable operating temperatures. Conclusion: Diesel generators are complex machines with various core components and functions. Understanding the technical details, specifications, and important facts about these components is crucial for the reliable operation and maintenance of diesel generators. By grasping the key features of the engine, alternator, fuel system, control panel, and cooling system, users can make informed decisions when selecting, operating, and troubleshooting diesel generators. Always consult with experts and adhere to manufacturer guidelines to ensure proper usage and maximize the lifespan of your diesel generator
The UAE's remarkable progress and rapid development have naturally led to increasing
energy needs. However, the country is keen on striking a balance by embracing sustainable
energy practices and diversifying its energy mix. By encouraging renewable energy projects,
promoting energy efficiency, and fostering innovation, the UAE is setting impressive
benchmarks on the global stage.
In recent years, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has experienced a significant surge in the demand for power generators. This uptrend can be attributed to various factors, including rapid urbanization, industrial growth, extreme weather conditions, growth in tourism, a shift to renewable energy, and the need for reliable backup power sources. Let's delve deeper into the reasons behind this increasing demand and understand the relevant data and statistics shaping this market trend. 1. Urbanization and Infrastructure Development As urban centers in the UAE continue to expand and develop, the electricity demand has risen exponentially. With the construction of mega-projects, high-rise buildings, and smart cities, the strain on the existing power grid has intensified. This has led to a growing reliance on power generators to supplement the grid during peak demand periods or in areas with inconsistent power supply. The bustling cities of Dubai and Abu Dhabi, along with other emirates, have witnessed tremendous economic growth and urban development. These monumental advancements have led to a surge in residential, commercial, and industrial construction projects. As electricity remains the backbone of these endeavors, the demand for power generators continues to rise. According to the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the UAE's GDP has grown at an average rate of 3.8% from 2016 to 2020, indicating a sustained economic expansion. 2. Industrial Growth and Commercial Sector The UAE's thriving industrial and commercial sectors have also fueled the demand for power generators. Industries such as manufacturing, oil and gas, construction, and logistics require a stable and uninterrupted power supply to operate efficiently. Power generators serve as a reliable backup solution to ensure continuous operations, safeguarding businesses from costly downtime and losses. The construction sector alone generated a staggering AED 38.4 billion ($10.5 billion) in value in 2019, accounting for 7% of the UAE's GDP. 3. Extreme Weather Conditions and Resilience The UAE is known for its extreme weather conditions, including scorching summers and occasional sandstorms. These environmental challenges pose risks to the stability of the electrical grid, leading to power outages. To mitigate these risks, many businesses, communities, and infrastructure projects have turned to power generators as a primary or backup power source to maintain operations and critical services during adverse conditions. The UAE's desert climate exposes the region to extreme weather conditions, with scorching summers reaching temperatures above 45°C (113°F). This excessive heat increases the strain on the power grid, resulting in frequent power outages. To combat this, both businesses and individuals have turned to power generators to ensure continued operations and prevent disruptions caused by erratic electricity supply. According to the World Bank, average annual temperatures in the UAE have increased by approximately 1.15°C (2.07°F) over the last 50 years, further intensifying the need for power generators. 4. Growth in Tourism and Hospitality The UAE is a top tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors each year. From luxury resorts to extravagant shopping malls, the tourism and hospitality sectors have flourished, placing significant demands on the local power supply. Resorts, hotels, and tourist attractions all require uninterrupted power for their guests' comfort and safety, driving the demand for power generators. According to the UAE Ministry of Economy, the tourism sector contributed approximately AED 164.7 billion ($44.9 billion) to the national economy in 2019, accounting for 11.1% of the UAE's overall GDP. 5. Shift towards Renewable Energy While the surge in demand for power generators might seem counterintuitive amid the global shift towards renewable energy, it serves as a transitional necessity. The UAE is also actively investing in renewable energy sources like solar and wind power. However, the integration of such sources into the national grid takes time and careful planning. Power generators serve as a reliable stop-gap solution until renewable energy infrastructure is fully developed. The UAE aims to generate 50% of its energy from clean sources by 2050, as announced by its leadership under the "UAE Energy Strategy 2050." Conclusion: Embracing a Resilient Energy Future The growing demand for power generators in the UAE is a clear indicator of the country's commitment to building a resilient and sustainable energy infrastructure. As the need for a reliable power supply continues to rise, the use of power generators will play a crucial role in enhancing energy security, promoting economic growth, and ensuring uninterrupted access to electricity for all sectors of society. By staying attuned to market trends, leveraging innovative technologies, and embracing energy-efficient solutions, the UAE is poised to meet the escalating demand for power generators while advancing towards a more resilient and sustainable energy future.
Learn how to optimize the fuel efficiency of your diesel generator with these expert tips and strategies.
LED is the emerging technology and leading the future of temporary job site lighting especially when it is powered by PV solar panels and have so many advantages comparing to traditional Metal-Halide bulbs. The Metal-halide Towers are expensive to maintain to start with. They go through as many as 10 bulbs and ballasts replacement per year. They are sensitive and can easily got damage during transportation. As lighting towers are usually required in a remote areas the cost of bulbs and ballast is not the main concern for the customer but also the cost of call out that cover labor hours, travelling to site and service expenses. An additional cost to consider is that the Metal Halide bulbs consume more fuel and require an over-sized alternator to supply 4000 W required to emit light. On the operational side a major disadvantage of Metal Halide bulbs is they re-strike and need few minutes warming time before they lit again once they are shut down. Metal-halide bulbs light efficiency also erodes with time and have a short running life expectancy comparing to LED bulbs that can run for 50000 hours. The LED lighting technology on the other hand are highly efficient, have a longer running life, less downtime, no ballast required, durable, can be configured to reduce glare, better light quality, require less fuel, no re-strike issues and they far exceeds the light output of the traditional Metal halide light. On the top of that the LED Light heads can be environmental friendly as they can run on solar system only at zero emission, zero noise, zero pollution. For the above reasons GET have all type of vertical, solar, portable LED Lighting Towers available in stock to serve and light your business needs.
Diesel engines are the workhorses of power generation, agriculture, construction, drilling, forestry, industry, mining, transportation and shipping. They power everything from generators, buses and combines to bulldozers, excavators, semi-trailer trucks, ships and trains. Diesel powered engines are classified as internal combustion engines. chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy. This occurs when fuel is channeled into the interior of the engine where it ignites to produce energy that’s converted into power to make a machine move or produce electrical power. Diesel engines feature a compression ignition (CI) system that in very basic terms produces combustion using: Super-heated air. Air is pumped into a compact cylinder where it’s quickly and forcefully compressed by the piston. This rapid, powerful compression causes the air to instantly heat to a high temperature, typically between 500 and 1000 degrees F. Fuel injection. A fine mist of fuel is injected (sprayed) into the cylinder, where the super-heated air causes it to instantaneously ignite without the need for a spark plug or other fire source. Energy. When the air ignites, it produces energy that pushes the piston out of the cylinder. This transfers power from the cylinder to the piston, through the crankshaft and gears to turn the wheels and make your vehicle go. When a diesel engine is running, the CI process is repeated over and over again producing the steady stream of energy required to power machines. Diesel engines offer significant advantages. The fundamental design is simpler and more straightforward, comparatively speaking, so there are fewer parts to maintain or replace. The compression process is forceful and effective, which burns fuel more completely and produces more energy to make the most of every drop. This effect is maximized because diesel fuel is denser than gasoline, so each gallon produces roughly 30% more energy on average. The dense fuel also acts as a better lubricant, which reduces friction and helps diesel engines last longer. Diesel engines also have a few drawbacks. They perform best at the steady speeds required for highways, but can seem sluggish in stop-start city driving. Because diesel fuel is less refined, it contains more energy potential but produces more emissions, so in spite of improvements, many diesel-powered vehicles continue to fall short of their gas-powered counterparts.
The first component that a OEM designer will be required to consider is the Power units or Diesel Engine. The performance characteristics of an engine considered for any application are it's power output (KWm) at fixed o...
